:root {
    --primary-color: #4a9eff;
    --secondary-color: #3a7dd0;
    --background-color: rgb(12, 12, 24);
    --card-bg-color: rgba(30, 30, 50, 0.7);
    --text-color: #ffffff;
    --accent-color: #61dafb;
    --transition-speed: 0.3s;
}

/* Ensure responsive base styles */
* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

body {
    font-family: 'Segoe UI', Tahoma, Geneva, Verdana, sans-serif;
    background-color: var(--background-color);
    color: var(--text-color);
    line-height: 1.6;
    min-height: 100vh;
}

/* Smooth Scrolling */
html {
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

/* Responsive navbar */
.navbar {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 1rem;
    z-index: 1000;
    background: rgba(12, 12, 24, 0.9);
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
    box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
    transition: padding 0.3s ease, background-color 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.navbar.scrolled {
    padding: 0.6rem 1rem;
    background: rgba(12, 12, 24, 0.95);
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.navbar.scrolled .logo-img {
    max-height: 40px;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .navbar.scrolled {
        padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
    }
    
    .navbar.scrolled .logo-img {
        max-height: 35px;
    }
}

.logo {
    font-size: 24px;
    font-weight: bold;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    text-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(74, 158, 255, 0.5);
}

.logo-img {
    max-height: 50px;
}

.nav-links {
    display: flex;
    list-style: none;
}

.nav-links li {
    margin: 0 1rem;
}

.nav-links a {
    color: var(--text-color);
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 16px;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: color var(--transition-speed);
    position: relative;
}

.nav-links a:hover,
.nav-links a.active {
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.nav-links a:after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    width: 0;
    height: 2px;
    bottom: -5px;
    left: 0;
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    transition: width var(--transition-speed);
}

.nav-links a:hover:after,
.nav-links a.active:after {
    width: 100%;
}

.burger {
    display: none;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.burger div {
    width: 25px;
    height: 3px;
    background-color: var(--text-color);
    margin: 5px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

/* Container and content layout */
.container {
    max-width: 1280px; /* slightly wider */
    margin: 0 auto; /* hero section now controls top spacing */
    padding: 0 2.25rem; /* global horizontal breathing room */
    animation: fadeIn 0.8s ease-in;
}

/* Profile Section */
.profile-section {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
    padding-top: 0px; /* Ensure no padding */
    text-align: center;
}

.profile-card {
    background: var(--card-bg-color);
    border-radius: 20px;
    padding: 30px;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 500px;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
    text-align: center;
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    margin-top: -35px; /* Move the profile card up */
}

.profile-pic {
    width: 150px;
    height: 150px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    border: 4px solid var(--primary-color);
    object-fit: cover;
    box-shadow: 0 0 20px rgba(74, 158, 255, 0.5);
}

.profile-card h1 {
    margin-top: 20px;
    font-size: 2rem;
    letter-spacing: 1px;
}

.title {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    margin: 10px 0 20px;
}

/* Content Grid */
.content-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-top: 2rem;
}

/* Sections */
.about-section,
.research-section,
.skills-section,
.education-section {
    background: transparent;
    padding: 25px 0;
    border: none;
    box-shadow: none;
    transition: none;
    backdrop-filter: none;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.education-section {
    margin-top: 30px; /* Added margin to move the section down */
    padding: 60px 0;
}



h2 {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    border-bottom: 2px solid rgba(74, 158, 255, 0.3);
    padding-bottom: 10px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
}

h2 i {
    margin-right: 10px;
}

/* Research Section */
.interests-list {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
}

.interests-list li {
    margin-bottom: 12px;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    padding: 10px;
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
    border-radius: 8px;
    transition: background var(--transition-speed);
}

.interests-list li:hover {
    background: rgba(74, 158, 255, 0.2);
}

.highlight {
    color: var(--accent-color);
    font-weight: 500;
}

/* Skills Section */
.skill-category {
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.skill-category h3 {
    color: var(--accent-color);
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    font-size: 1.3rem;
}

.skills-list {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(200px, 1fr));
    gap: 15px;
}

.skills-list li {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
    padding: 10px 15px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    transition: all var(--transition-speed);
}

.skills-list li i {
    margin-right: 10px;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    transition: transform var(--transition-speed);
}

.skills-list li:hover {
    background: rgba(74, 158, 255, 0.2);
    transform: scale(1.05);
}

.skills-list li:hover i {
    transform: scale(1.2);
}

/* Timeline */
.timeline {
    position: relative;
    padding: 20px 0;
}

.timeline-item {
    border-left: 3px solid var(--primary-color);
    padding-left: 25px;
    margin-bottom: 25px;
    position: relative;
    animation: slideIn 0.5s ease-out;
}

.timeline-item:before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    left: -9px;
    top: 0;
    width: 15px;
    height: 15px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: var(--primary-color);
    box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(74, 158, 255, 0.8);
}

.timeline-item .date {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--accent-color);
    font-weight: 500;
    margin-bottom: 8px;
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 3px 10px;
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
    border-radius: 4px;
}

.timeline-item h3 {
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    margin: 5px 0;
}

/* Social Links */
.social-links {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-top: 15px;
    gap: 20px;
}

.social-icon {
    color: #c1bcbc;
    font-size: 24px;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

.social-icon:hover {
    color: #007bff;
}

/* Footer */
footer {
    text-align: center;
    margin-top: 50px;
    padding: 20px;
    background: rgba(20, 20, 40, 0.5);
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
}

/* Animations */
@keyframes fadeIn {
    from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(20px); }
    to { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
}

@keyframes float {
    0% { transform: translateY(0px); }
    50% { transform: translateY(-15px); }
    100% { transform: translateY(0px); }
}

@keyframes slideIn {
    from { opacity: 0; transform: translateX(-20px); }
    to { opacity: 1; transform: translateX(0); }
}

.fadeIn {
    animation: fadeIn 0.8s ease-out;
}

/* Media Queries */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .navbar {
        padding: 0.8rem 1rem; /* Slightly reduce navbar padding */
    }

    .logo-img {
        max-height: 40px; /* Adjust logo size */
    }

    .container {
        margin-top: 75px; /* Reduced top margin from 90px */
        padding: 0 1rem; /* Adjust side padding */
    }
    
    .nav-links {
        position: fixed; /* Use fixed positioning */
        right: -100%; /* Start off-screen */
        top: 66px; /* Position below the adjusted navbar */
        height: calc(100vh - 66px); /* Full height minus navbar */
        background: rgba(12, 12, 24, 0.98); /* Darker, less transparent background */
        display: flex;
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: center;
        justify-content: flex-start; /* Align items to the top */
        padding-top: 3rem; /* Add padding at the top */
        width: 70%; /* Adjust width */
        transform: translateX(0); /* Remove transform, control visibility with right property */
        transition: right 0.5s ease-in-out; /* Animate the 'right' property */
        backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
        box-shadow: -5px 0 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.2); /* Add shadow */
        list-style: none; /* Ensure list style is none */
    }
    
    .nav-links li {
        opacity: 1; /* Ensure links are visible */
        margin: 1.5rem 0; /* Adjust spacing */
        animation: none; /* Remove fade animation if not needed or adjust */
    }

    .nav-links a {
        font-size: 1.1rem; /* Slightly larger font for mobile nav */
    }
    
    .burger {
        display: block; /* Show burger icon */
    }
    
    .nav-active {
        right: 0; /* Slide in from the right */
    }
    
    .content-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr; /* Stack grid items */
        gap: 1.5rem; /* Adjust gap */
    }
    
    .skills-list {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr; /* Ensure skills list is single column */
    }

    .profile-pic {
        width: 120px; /* Reduce profile pic size */
        height: 120px;
    }
    
    .profile-card {
        padding: 25px; /* Adjust padding */
        margin-top: 1rem; /* Changed from -40px to prevent overlap */
        max-width: 90%; /* Ensure it doesn't touch edges */
    }

    .profile-card h1 {
        font-size: 1.8rem; /* Adjust heading size */
    }

    .title {
        font-size: 1.1rem; /* Adjust title size */
    }
    
    h2 {
        font-size: 1.4rem; /* Adjust section heading size */
    }

    .timeline-item {
        padding-left: 20px; /* Adjust timeline padding */
    }

    .timeline-item:before {
        left: -7px; /* Adjust dot position */
        width: 12px;
        height: 12px;
    }
}

/* Projects Section Styles */
.projects-section {
    background: var(--card-bg-color);
    padding: 25px;
    border-radius: 15px;
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
    transition: transform var(--transition-speed);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    backdrop-filter: blur(5px);
    margin-top:1rem;
}

.section-category {
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.section-header {
    /* Reduced from 1.5rem to decrease section title size */
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    position: relative;
}

.section-header hr {
    border: none;
    height: 2px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--primary-color), transparent);
    margin-top: 5px;
}

.project-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(150px, 1fr));
    gap: 1.5rem;
    margin-top: 1rem;
}

.project-card {
    display: block;
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
    border-radius: 12px;
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
    height: 100%;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: var(--text-color);
}

.project-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
}

.app-content {
    padding: 10px;
    text-align: center;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    height: 100%;
}

.app-content img {
    width: 80px;
    height: 80px;
    object-fit: contain;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    border-radius: 8px;
}

.app-info p {
    font-size: 1rem;
    margin: 0;
    font-weight: 500;
}

/* Media queries for responsive project grid */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .project-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(120px, 1fr));
        gap: 1rem;
    }
    
    .app-content img {
        width: 60px;
        height: 60px;
    }
}

@media screen and (max-width: 480px) {
    .container {
        padding: 0 0.8rem; /* Further reduce padding */
        margin-top: 70px; /* Reduced top margin from 80px */
    }
    
    .profile-pic {
        width: 100px; /* Further reduce profile pic size */
        height: 100px;
    }

    .profile-card {
        padding: 20px; /* Further reduce padding */
    }
    
    .profile-card h1 {
        font-size: 1.6rem; /* Further reduce heading size */
    }

    .title {
        font-size: 1rem; /* Further reduce title size */
    }
    
    h2 {
        font-size: 1.3rem; /* Further reduce section heading size */
    }

    .about-section,
    .research-section,
    .skills-section,
    .education-section {
        padding: 20px; /* Adjust section padding */
    }

    .skills-list li {
        font-size: 1rem; /* Adjust skill item font size */
        padding: 8px 12px;
    }

    .interests-list li {
        font-size: 1rem; /* Adjust interest item font size */
        padding: 8px;
    }
    
    .timeline-item {
        padding-left: 15px; /* Further adjust timeline padding */
    }

    .timeline-item .date {
        font-size: 0.85rem; /* Adjust date font size */
    }

    .timeline-item h3 {
        font-size: 1.1rem; /* Adjust timeline heading size */
    }

    .timeline-item p {
        font-size: 0.9rem; /* Adjust timeline text size */
    }

    .social-icon {
        font-size: 20px; /* Adjust social icon size */
    }

    .social-links {
        gap: 15px; /* Adjust gap */
    }

    footer p {
        font-size: 0.9rem; /* Adjust footer text size */
    }
}

@keyframes navLinkFade {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateX(50px);
    }
    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateX(0);
    }
}

.toggle .line1 {
    transform: rotate(-45deg) translate(-5px, 6px);
}

.toggle .line2 {
    opacity: 0;
}

.toggle .line3 {
    transform: rotate(45deg) translate(-5px, -6px);
}

/* Add this to your existing CSS file */
.mt-4 {
    margin-top: 20px;
}

/* Contact section styles */
.contact-container {
    max-width: 600px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 25px;
    background: var(--card-bg-color);
    border-radius: 15px;
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    animation: fadeIn 0.8s ease-in;
}

.contact-container h2 {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.form-group {
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.form-group label {
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: #e6e6e6;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.form-group input, 
.form-group textarea {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 12px 15px;
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    border-radius: 8px;
    color: white;
    font-size: 16px;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    box-shadow: inset 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.form-group input:focus, 
.form-group textarea:focus {
    outline: none;
    border-color: var(--primary-color);
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px rgba(74, 158, 255, 0.2);
}

.form-group textarea {
    min-height: 150px;
    resize: vertical;
}

.form-group button {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    padding: 12px;
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    color: white;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 8px;
    font-size: 18px;
    font-weight: 600;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.3s;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(74, 158, 255, 0.3);
}

.form-group button:hover {
    background-color: var(--secondary-color);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.form-group button:active {
    transform: translateY(1px);
}

.success-message, 
.error-message {
    padding: 12px;
    margin-top: 10px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    text-align: center;
    display: none;
    font-weight: 500;
    animation: fadeIn 0.5s ease;
}

.success-message {
    background-color: rgba(40, 167, 69, 0.2);
    border: 1px solid rgba(40, 167, 69, 0.4);
    color: #a3f5b4;
}

.error-message {
    background-color: rgba(220, 53, 69, 0.2);
    border: 1px solid rgba(220, 53, 69, 0.4);
    color: #ffb3bd;
}

/* Daltrac link styles */
.daltrac-link {
    color: var(--accent-color);
    text-decoration: none;
    text-underline-offset: 2px;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: color 0.2s;
}

.daltrac-link:hover,
.daltrac-link:focus {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    text-decoration: none;
}

/* Hero Section Styles - Clean, no tile appearance */
.hero-section {
    /* Add top margin equal to navbar height to avoid overlap */
    padding: 100px 0 40px; /* increased top padding to push content below fixed navbar */
    background: transparent;
}

/* Optional utility spacer if needed for other pages */
.nav-spacer {
    height: 80px; /* approximate fixed navbar height */
}

@media (max-width: 992px) {
    .hero-section {
        padding-top: 110px; /* a bit more space on medium screens */
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .hero-section {
        padding-top: 95px; /* aligns with mobile navbar */
    }

    /* Add horizontal breathing room for section headings */
    .featured-projects-section h2,
    .expertise-section h2,
    .education-section h2 {
        padding: 0 0.5rem;
    }

    .education-section {
        padding: 40px 0 30px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 600px) {
    .hero-section {
        padding-top: 90px;
    }

    .featured-projects-section h2,
    .expertise-section h2,
    .education-section h2 {
        padding: 0 0.65rem;
    }

    .education-section {
        padding: 38px 0 28px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .hero-section {
        padding-top: 85px;
    }

    .featured-projects-section h2,
    .expertise-section h2,
    .education-section h2 {
        padding: 0 0.75rem;
    }

    .education-section {
        padding: 36px 0 26px;
    }
}

.hero-content {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 300px;
    gap: 60px;
    align-items: center;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 1rem;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 10;
}

.hero-text {
    max-width: 600px;
}

.hero-title {
    font-size: 3.2rem;
    font-weight: 900;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    color: #ffffff !important;
    line-height: 1.2;
    text-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7), 0 0 20px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    opacity: 1;
    z-index: 100;
    position: relative;
    text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
}

.hero-subtitle {
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.hero-description {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.hero-buttons {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.btn {
    padding: 12px 24px;
    border-radius: 6px;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 1rem;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    display: inline-block;
    border: 2px solid transparent;
}

.btn-primary {
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    color: white;
}

.btn-primary:hover {
    background-color: var(--secondary-color);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(74, 158, 255, 0.3);
}

.btn-outline {
    border-color: var(--primary-color);
    color: var(--primary-color);
    background: transparent;
}

.btn-outline:hover {
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    color: white;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.hero-image {
    text-align: center;
}

.profile-image {
    width: 240px;
    height: 240px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    object-fit: cover;
    border: 4px solid var(--primary-color);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 32px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.social-links {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 1rem;
}

.social-links a {
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: var(--text-color);
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
}

.social-links a:hover {
    background: var(--primary-color);
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(74, 158, 255, 0.4);
}

/* Featured Projects Section */
.featured-projects-section {
    padding: 80px 0;
    background: transparent;
}

.featured-projects-section h2 {
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
    color: var(--text-color);
}

.featured-projects-section h2 i {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-right: 10px;
}

.projects-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 2rem;
}

.project-card {
    background: var(--card-bg-color);
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: 12px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    text-align: center;
}

.project-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
    border-color: var(--primary-color);
}

.project-icon {
    width: 60px;
    height: 60px;
    background: var(--primary-color);
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin: 0 auto 1.5rem;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    color: white;
}

.project-card h3 {
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    color: var(--text-color);
    text-align: center;
}

.project-card p {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    text-align: center;
}

.project-link {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 600;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

.project-link:hover {
    color: var(--accent-color);
}

/* Expertise Section (2-column layout) */
.expertise-section {
    padding: 100px 0;
    background: transparent;
}

.expertise-section h2 {
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 2.8rem;
    margin-bottom: 4rem;
    color: var(--text-color);
    text-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
}

.expertise-section h2 i {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-right: 15px;
    text-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(74, 158, 255, 0.5);
}

.expertise-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(350px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
    max-width: 1000px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 2rem;
}

.expertise-card {
    background: transparent;
    padding: 2.5rem;
    border-radius: 15px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(74, 158, 255, 0.1);
    transition: all 0.4s ease;
    text-align: center;
    box-shadow: none;
    position: relative;
}

.expertise-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    border-color: rgba(74, 158, 255, 0.3);
    background: rgba(74, 158, 255, 0.05);
}

.expertise-icon {
    width: 70px;
    height: 70px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-color), var(--accent-color));
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin: 0 auto 2rem;
    font-size: 1.6rem;
    color: white;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(74, 158, 255, 0.3);
}

.expertise-card h3 {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.8rem;
    color: var(--text-color);
    text-align: center;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.expertise-list {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    text-align: left;
}

.expertise-list li {
    padding: 12px 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(74, 158, 255, 0.15);
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
    position: relative;
    padding-left: 20px;
}

.expertise-list li:before {
    content: '▶';
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    top: 50%;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
}

.expertise-list li:hover {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1);
}

.expertise-list li:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
}

.skill-groups {
    text-align: left;
}

.skill-group {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.skill-group h4 {
    font-size: 1.15rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.8rem;
    color: var(--accent-color);
    font-weight: 600;
}

.skill-tags {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
    font-size: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
}

/* Education Section */
.education-section {
    padding: 50px 0 40px; /* reduced vertical padding */
    background: transparent;
}

.education-section h2 {
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 2.2rem; /* slightly smaller */
    margin-bottom: 2rem; /* reduced spacing */
    color: var(--text-color);
}

.education-section h2 i {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-right: 10px;
}

.education-timeline {
    max-width: 1000px; /* wider on laptop */
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 1.5rem; /* slightly tighter internal padding */
    position: relative;
}

.education-timeline::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    left: 50%;
    top: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    width: 2px;
    background: linear-gradient(180deg, var(--primary-color), var(--accent-color));
    transform: translateX(-50%);
}

.timeline-item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    margin-bottom: 2.5rem; /* reduced gap between items */
    position: relative;
}

.timeline-item:nth-child(odd) {
    flex-direction: row;
}

.timeline-item:nth-child(even) {
    flex-direction: row-reverse;
}

.timeline-dot {
    width: 24px;
    height: 24px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-color), var(--accent-color));
    border-radius: 50%;
    border: 4px solid var(--background-color);
    position: absolute;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    z-index: 2;
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(74, 158, 255, 0.3), 0 4px 15px rgba(74, 158, 255, 0.2);
}

.timeline-content {
    background: transparent; /* remove card look */
    padding: 1.5rem 1.25rem 1.25rem; /* tighter */
    border-radius: 10px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
    width: calc(50% - 50px); /* slightly narrower */
    box-shadow: none;
    transition: background 0.25s ease, border-color 0.25s ease;
    position: relative;
}

.timeline-content:hover {
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.03);
    border-color: rgba(74, 158, 255, 0.4);
}

.timeline-year {
    display: inline-block;
    background: rgba(74, 158, 255, 0.15);
    color: var(--primary-color);
    padding: 4px 12px;
    border-radius: 18px;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: 0.8rem;
}

.timeline-content h3 {
    font-size: 1.2rem; /* smaller */
    color: var(--text-color);
    margin-bottom: 0.3rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.25;
}

.timeline-content h4 {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: var(--accent-color);
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.timeline-content p {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.6rem;
    line-height: 1.4;
}

.timeline-content .focus {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6);
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-style: italic;
    padding: 6px 10px;
    background: rgba(74, 158, 255, 0.08);
    border-radius: 6px;
    border-left: 2px solid var(--primary-color);
    margin-top: 4px;
    display: inline-block;
}

/* Enhanced Visual Hierarchy */
.content-grid {
    margin-top: 2rem;
}

/* Add subtle gradient backgrounds */
body::before {
    content: '';
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background: 
        radial-gradient(circle at 20% 20%, rgba(74, 158, 255, 0.05) 0%, transparent 50%),
        radial-gradient(circle at 80% 80%, rgba(97, 218, 251, 0.05) 0%, transparent 50%);
    pointer-events: none;
    z-index: -1;
}

/* Enhanced section spacing */
.about-section,
.research-section,
.skills-section,
.education-section {
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

/* Add subtle hover effects to social icons */
.social-links {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1rem;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-top: 1.5rem;
}

.social-icon {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    border-radius: 50%;
    color: var(--text-color);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
}

.social-icon:hover {
    background: var(--primary-color);
    transform: translateY(-3px) scale(1.1);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(74, 158, 255, 0.3);
}

.social-icon i {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
}

/* Old complex styles removed - using clean standard design patterns */

.hero-text {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1.2rem;
}

.hero-intro {
    font-size: 1rem;
    letter-spacing: 2px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--accent-color);
    opacity: 0.85;
}

.hero-tagline {
    font-size: 1.15rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.85);
    line-height: 1.4;
    margin-top: -0.5rem;
}

.hero-summary {
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.75);
}

.badge-list {
    list-style: none;
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.6rem;
    margin: 0.5rem 0 0.5rem;
    padding: 0;
}

.badge-list li {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(74,158,255,0.18), rgba(97,218,251,0.15));
    border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);
    padding: 6px 14px;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
    border-radius: 30px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--accent-color);
    backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
}

.hero-profile { display: flex; justify-content: center; }

.hero-photo-card {
    background: var(--card-bg-color);
    padding: 1.75rem 1.5rem 1.5rem;
    border-radius: 24px;
    position: relative;
    width: 320px;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0,0,0,0.35);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
    backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
}

.photo-ring {
    position: relative;
    width: 180px;
    height: 180px;
    margin: 0 auto 1.2rem;
}

.photo-ring::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    border-radius: 50%;
    padding: 3px;
    background: conic-gradient(var(--primary-color), var(--accent-color), var(--primary-color));
    -webkit-mask: linear-gradient(#000 0 0) content-box, linear-gradient(#000 0 0);
    mask: linear-gradient(#000 0 0) content-box, linear-gradient(#000 0 0); /* standard property for compatibility */
    opacity: 0.9;
}

.hero-photo {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: block;
}

.current-role { text-align: center; font-size: 0.9rem; margin-top: 0.2rem; }

.social-vertical {
    position: absolute;
    right: -55px;
    top: 50%;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 12px;
}

.social-circle {
    width: 46px; height: 46px;
    display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);
    border-radius: 50%;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    color: var(--text-color);
    backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
}

.social-circle:hover {
    background: var(--primary-color);
    transform: translateX(4px) scale(1.08);
    color: #fff;
    box-shadow: 0 6px 18px rgba(74,158,255,0.4);
}

.quick-stats { display: flex; gap: 1.8rem; margin-top: 1.2rem; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.quick-stats > div { display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; }
.stat-number { font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: 700; background: linear-gradient(135deg,var(--primary-color),var(--accent-color)); -webkit-background-clip: text; background-clip: text; -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent; }
.stat-label { font-size: 0.7rem; letter-spacing: 1px; text-transform: uppercase; opacity: 0.7; margin-top: -2px; }

/* --- Reorganized Info Sections --- */
.info-sections { margin-top: 4rem; }
.section-heading { font-size: 2rem; margin-bottom: 2rem; position: relative; }
.section-heading i { margin-right: 10px; }

.two-col-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(340px, 1fr)); gap: 2rem; }
.info-card { margin-bottom: 2rem; }

/* Remove original standalone profile card spacing if still present */
.profile-section { display: none; }

/* --- Responsive Adjustments --- */
@media (max-width: 1100px) {
    .hero-layout-split { grid-template-columns: 1fr 320px; }
    .social-vertical { right: -50px; }
}

@media (max-width: 900px) {
    .hero-layout-split { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .hero-photo-card { width: 280px; margin: 0 auto; }
    .social-vertical { position: static; flex-direction: row; justify-content: center; margin-top: 1rem; transform: none; }
    .social-circle { width: 42px; height: 42px; }
    .hero-text { order: 2; }
    .hero-profile { order: 1; }
    .quick-stats { justify-content: flex-start; }
}

/* Enhanced Mobile Responsiveness */
@media (max-width: 992px) {
    .hero-content {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 2.5rem;
        text-align: center;
    }

    .expertise-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 1.5rem;
    }

    .projects-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    /* Container adjustments */
    .container {
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 1.25rem; /* global side margin on tablets */
    }

    /* Hero section mobile */
    .hero-section {
        padding: 20px 0;
        margin-top: 90px; /* Increase clearance for fixed navbar */
    }

    .hero-content {
        padding: 0 1rem;
        gap: 2rem;
        z-index: 100;
        position: relative;
    }

    .hero-title {
        font-size: 2.2rem;
        line-height: 1.1;
        color: #ffffff !important;
        text-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
        font-weight: 800;
    }

    .hero-subtitle {
        font-size: 1.1rem;
    }

    .hero-description {
        font-size: 1rem;
    }

    .profile-image {
        width: 180px;
        height: 180px;
    }

    .social-links a {
        width: 45px;
        height: 45px;
        font-size: 1.1rem;
    }

    /* Sections padding (rely on container for horizontal spacing) */
    .featured-projects-section,
    .expertise-section,
    .education-section {
        padding: 30px 0; /* vertical only */
        margin: 0; /* remove per-section side margins */
    }
    .expertise-section,
    .education-section {
        padding: 40px 0; /* vertical only */
    }

    /* Section headings */
    .featured-projects-section h2,
    .expertise-section h2,
    .education-section h2 {
        font-size: 2rem;
        margin-bottom: 2rem;
    }

    /* Projects grid mobile */
    .projects-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 1.5rem;
        padding: 0 1rem;
    }

    /* Expertise grid mobile */
    .expertise-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 1.5rem;
        padding: 0 1rem;
    }

    /* Education timeline mobile */
    .education-timeline {
        padding: 0 1rem;
    }

    .education-timeline::before {
        display: none; /* Remove center line on mobile */
    }

    .timeline-item {
        flex-direction: column !important;
        margin-bottom: 2rem;
        padding: 0;
        align-items: stretch;
    }

    .timeline-item:nth-child(even) {
        flex-direction: column !important;
    }

    .timeline-dot {
        position: static;
        width: 16px;
        height: 16px;
        margin: 0 0 1rem 0;
        transform: none;
        left: auto;
        box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px rgba(74, 158, 255, 0.3);
    }

    .timeline-content {
        width: 100%;
        margin: 0;
        position: relative;
    }

    /* Card adjustments */
    .project-card,
    .expertise-card,
    .timeline-content {
        padding: 1.5rem;
    }

    /* Section title mobile adjustments */
    h2 {
        font-size: 1.2rem;
        margin-bottom: 15px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 600px) {
    /* Further mobile optimizations */
    .hero-section {
        padding: 15px 0;
        margin-top: 70px;
    }

    .container {
        padding: 0 1rem; /* phones */
    }

    .hero-content {
        padding: 0 0.75rem;
    }

    .hero-title {
        font-size: 1.9rem;
        color: #ffffff !important;
        text-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
        font-weight: 800;
    }

    .hero-subtitle {
        font-size: 1rem;
    }

    .hero-description {
        font-size: 0.95rem;
    }

    .hero-buttons {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: stretch;
        gap: 0.8rem;
    }

    .btn {
        width: 100%;
        text-align: center;
        padding: 14px 20px;
    }

    .profile-image {
        width: 150px;
        height: 150px;
    }

    .social-links {
        gap: 0.8rem;
    }

    .social-links a {
        width: 40px;
        height: 40px;
        font-size: 1rem;
    }

    /* Sections (small phones) */
    .featured-projects-section,
    .expertise-section,
    .education-section {
        padding: 28px 0; /* slightly tighter vertical spacing */
    }

    .featured-projects-section h2,
    .expertise-section h2,
    .education-section h2 {
        font-size: 1.8rem;
        margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    }

    /* Cards */
    .project-card,
    .expertise-card {
        padding: 1.2rem;
    }

    .project-icon,
    .expertise-icon {
        width: 50px;
        height: 50px;
        font-size: 1.3rem;
        margin-bottom: 1rem;
    }

    .project-card h3,
    .expertise-card h3 {
        font-size: 1.2rem;
        margin-bottom: 1rem;
        text-align: center;
    }

    .project-card p {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }

    /* Timeline mobile */
    .timeline-content {
        padding: 1.2rem;
    }

    .timeline-content h3 {
        font-size: 1.1rem;
    }

    .timeline-content h4 {
        font-size: 1rem;
    }

    .timeline-content p {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }

    .timeline-content .focus {
        font-size: 0.8rem;
    }

    /* Grid padding */
    .projects-grid,
    .expertise-grid,
    .education-timeline {
        padding: 0 0.75rem;
    }

    .education-timeline::before {
        display: none; /* Ensure timeline line is hidden on 600px and below */
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    /* Extra small screens */
    .hero-section {
        padding: 10px 0;
        margin-top: 65px;
    }

    .container {
        padding: 0 0.85rem; /* small phones */
    }

    .hero-content {
        padding: 0 0.5rem;
    }

    .hero-title {
        font-size: 1.7rem;
        color: #ffffff !important;
        text-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
        font-weight: 800;
    }

    .hero-subtitle {
        font-size: 0.95rem;
    }

    .profile-image {
        width: 130px;
        height: 130px;
    }

    .projects-grid,
    .expertise-grid,
    .education-timeline {
        padding: 0 0.5rem;
    }

    .education-timeline::before {
        display: none; /* Ensure timeline line is hidden on 480px and below */
    }

    .featured-projects-section,
    .expertise-section,
    .education-section {
        padding: 25px 0;
        margin: 0 0.5rem;
    }

    .timeline-item {
        margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    }
}

/* Navbar mobile improvements */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .navbar {
        padding: 0.8rem 1rem;
    }

    .burger {
        display: block;
        cursor: pointer;
        z-index: 1001;
    }

    .nav-links {
        position: fixed;
        right: 0;
        height: 100vh;
        top: 0;
        background-color: var(--background-color);
        display: flex;
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: center;
        width: 100%;
        transform: translateX(100%);
        transition: transform 0.5s ease-in;
        z-index: 1000;
        padding-top: 100px;
    }

    .nav-links li {
        margin: 1rem 0;
        opacity: 0;
    }

    .nav-links.nav-active {
        transform: translateX(0%);
    }

    .nav-links.nav-active li {
        opacity: 1;
    }
}

/* Container and content layout */
.container {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0;
    animation: fadeIn 1s ease-in;
}